Anne Chapman contracted the tuberculosis virus at some point early in her life. The man who performed her autopsy after her murder said that she would likely have been dead within the year from the end stages of TB. That end was hastened by her indigent life on the streets and accompanying alcoholism.

If she had been able to remain in the stable middle class housing she previously had access to, her life expectancy would be 54 years old. The estimated death of Anne Chapman from properly treated chronic tuberculosis was 1895.